As Huntsville braces for sweeping federal workforce cuts under a new executive order from President Trump, another development is raising alarms across the city’s aerospace sector. The Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), an oversight agency led by Elon Musk, is set to audit NASA’s financials and contractor payments, sparking concerns over a glaring conflict of interest. With thousands of NASA and defense-related employees in Huntsville at risk, the move could significantly alter the city’s economic landscape.

Huntsville is home to the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) which is currently leading the development of the Space Launch System (SLS), NASA’s next-generation rocket designed to take astronauts back to the moon. However, new federal workforce reductions threaten to destabilize the local economy, with an estimated 21,000 federal employees in the city facing an uncertain future.

Many workers have already received the “Fork in the Road” resignation emails, offering buyouts if they voluntarily leave by September 30. Others have been forced to return to offices as Trump rolls back remote work policies. Adding to the turbulence, on February 13, thousands of probationary federal workers nationwide were laid off. Now, Trump’s latest executive order mandates large-scale reductions in force, with agencies required to cut non-essential roles and restrict new hires.

Joseph Pelfrey, Director of NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center spoke with the Huntsville Business Journal about the potential for DOGE cuts.

“NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center is complying with guidance and direction provided by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management,” stated Pelfrey. “At this time, Marshall is only processing employees who accepted OPM’s Deferred Resignation Program, and it is premature to discuss any potential impacts to our workforce.”

When asked if there is a conflict of interest since the director of DOGE is the CEO of NASA’s direct competitor, Pelfrey said, “We defer to the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) for this question.”

A current NASA employee, speaking on condition of anonymity, discussed their situation with HBJ as of press time.

“We’re just watching the news, we don’t really know what to expect,” the employee stated. “Marshall leadership and the supervisors have done a good job being available for questions. But they don’t seem to know much more than the rest of the workforce. We received the same emails from OPM that everyone has been hearing about. Some mention possible reductions in force, but there aren’t any specifics.”

As if the uncertainty surrounding workforce reductions wasn’t enough, NASA is now in the crosshairs of DOGE, the Musk-led agency tasked with auditing government spending. While oversight of federal agencies is not unusual, the fact that Musk is both the head of DOGE and the CEO of SpaceX, a company with $15 billion in NASA contracts, has drawn significant scrutiny.

NASA Acting Administrator Janet Petro confirmed that DOGE will review NASA’s financial transactions, though specifics on what they will examine remain unclear. “We are going to have DOGE come. They’re going to look, similarly to what they’ve done at other agencies, at our payments and what money has gone out,” Petro said.

Before the week started, a variety of new DOGE-affiliated X accounts went online including one with user handle @DOGE_NASA. Shortly after the account was created, it sent out its only tweet (at the time of writing): “DOGE is seeking help from the public! Please DM this account with insights on finding and fixing waste, fraud, and abuse at NASA.”

Many quickly point out the apparent conflict of interest in Musk using his privately-owned social media company to gather evidence justifying budget cuts that would ultimately benefit another of his private enterprises.

Musk and his company SpaceX have received more than $14.5 billion in funding from NASA contracts, including $13 billion in the past decade, per federal spending data. In fact, the only private contractor to receive more than Space X for the 2024 fiscal year was The California Institute of Technology.

SpaceX’s largest obligations are a $2.89 billion contract to build the human landing system (HLS) for NASA’s Artemis III lunar landing and some $4.93 billion for International Space Station (ISS) astronaut rotation services.

Elected officials from multiple states warn that giving Musk unchecked access to NASA’s contracts could jeopardize other contractors and their proprietary data.

“NASA possesses highly sensitive proprietary data related to the capabilities and contractual obligations of its contractors — some of whom are or could become direct competitors to SpaceX and may compete with SpaceX for forthcoming agency contracts,” wrote Representatives Zoe Lofgren (D-Calif.) and Valerie Foushee (D-N.C.) in a letter to Petro dated February 6.

This situation has raised red flags among lawmakers and legal experts, who worry that SpaceX’s access to NASA could lead to conflicts of interest. Among them is Rep. Grace Meng (D-N.Y.), a key figure overseeing NASA’s budget, who has called for Musk and DOGE to be kept away from the agency due to these concerns. “I strongly urge you to revoke any access to NASA headquarters for Mr. Musk and his staff,” Meng wrote to Petro, emphasizing the risk of exposing internal deliberations or proprietary information.

Despite these concerns, Petro maintains that NASA has strict conflict-of-interest policies in place. “Any person who is coming in, we will check out their conflicts of interest and make sure they don’t have any conflicts of interest with any of the companies that we work with,” she said.

If DOGE’s audit leads to a shift in NASA’s contracting priorities, it could have severe consequences for Huntsville. The Marshall Space Flight Center is a cornerstone of the city’s economy, employing roughly 7,000 people directly and supporting thousands more through local aerospace firms and suppliers. A reallocation of NASA contracts could divert funding away from MSFC projects, potentially benefiting Musk’s SpaceX at the expense of Huntsville’s workforce.

Dr. Andrew (Andy) Dunar, a historian and co-author of Power to Explore: A History of Marshall Space Flight Center, notes that while MSFC has faced personnel reductions in the past, the current situation is different. “MSFC has undergone personnel reductions before, in the late 1960s and early 1970s. While they were painful, those cuts were rational and planned,” Dunar explained. “Likely cuts now appear irrational and random, and reductions that weaken NASA could benefit SpaceX with ever larger federal contracts.”

With NASA already struggling to manage mass resignations due to the ”Fork in the Road” buyouts, a politically charged audit could further destabilize the agency’s ability to function. As Huntsville watches closely, residents and officials alike are left wondering what the future holds for the Rocket City.

One thing is clear: as DOGE tightens its grip on federal spending, Huntsville’s space industry may be entering one of its most uncertain chapters yet.